Freedom-Determinism Debate - 1726 Words

The controversy between freewill and determinism has been argued about for years. Freewill is defined as the belief that our behaviour is under our own control and do not act in response to any internal or external factors. Freewill has been found to have four different conditions and to have freewill at least two conditions must be obtained, these are; people have a choice on their actions, have not been coerced by anything or anyone, have full voluntary and deliberate control of what they do. One example of freewill in psychology is Humanism. The humanists are in favour of freewill as they believe that humans arent ever determined to behave in a certain way. According to Maslow (1950) we all strive for self-actualisation, which is†¦show more content†¦For example, Skinner (1938) argues that since people are the result of their conditioning, and will get conditioned by their upbringing and environments anyway, we should control peoples upbringing and environments as much as possible to ensure that their conditioning is positive. He suggested that positive and negative reinforcement should be applied to this task. Unlike Skinner, Lorenz (1963) says that unconscious forces determine our behaviour. These forces are built into human nature by evolution. However these forces are quite unpleasant. For example, Lorenz holds that aggression and territoriality and sexual competition are innate instinctive drives. Hence, we are destined to want unconsciously to dominate others by violence, whether we consciously want to or not. Similarly Freuds psychoanalytic theory of personality in the psychodynamic approach, suggests that adult behaviour is determined by innate drives and early experiences. This gives support to the view that our behaviour can be determined, however has little empirical support as its based mainly on case studies. Biological approach is genetic deterministic. Its been found that there is some genetic link to schizophrenia and depressions, meaning the genes are determining the future of the individual. This has consequences such as maybe a prenatal test in the future could determine whether an unborn child has the schizophrenia gene. Research into the human genome is producing increasingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Freedom-Determinism debate1689 Words   |  7 PagesFreedom-Determinism Debate The controversy between freewill and determinism has been argued about for years. Freewill is defined as the belief that our behaviour is under our own control and do not act in response to any internal or external factors. Freewill has been found to have four different conditions and to have freewill at least two conditions must be obtained, these are; people have a choice on their actions, have not been coerced by anything or anyone, have full voluntary and deliberateRead MoreFilm Analysis of Minority Report Essay968 Words   |  4 Pagestraditional view of man, what distinguishes him from animals is his freedom to choose between one course of action and another, his freedom to seek good and avoid evil. The animal has no freedom, but is determined by physical and biological laws; like a machine, the animal responds whenever the appropriate stimulus is present† (Bolles 1963, p.182). In Minority Report (2002) one of the main issues is free will versus determinism. Is there s ome point that people can and do change their mind whileRead MoreAnalysis Of The Philosophical Concepts Of Determinism And Free Will1711 Words   |  7 Pagesof action.The debate and arguments that surround free will have occupied philosophers for many centuries. Many scholars believe that the concept of free will is connected to the concept of responsibility, guilt, sin and other judgments that apply to the actions that are freely chosen by people. Other philosophers also link free will to the concept of persuasion, prohibition and advice that make no point unless different possible results arise from the courses of action. Determinism, on the otherRead MoreCompatibilism vs. Imcompatibilism: Is There Really Free Will1043 Words   |  5 Pages　　Compatibilists and Incompatibilists debate determinism and free will. Determinism is the idea that our actions are determined by past events. In other words, in our present state we do not have control over our actions and th ey are pre-determined. Only one thing can happen given a certain condition and nothing else can occur. Determinism seems to pose a problem because it tests the possibility that we do not have free will or control over our actions because with certain conditions there can onlyRead MoreThe Basic Theories Of The Free Will1095 Words   |  5 Pagesmake. When viewing perspective we can decided that ultimately what around can shape us to do good or bad. This question ultimately leads us to an overwhelming question when it comes to the freedom we have in life and if we truly are free to choose. There are three basic theories involved in the free will debate. Determined being the first one all our choices are caused by preexisting events. Determination is based that free will that humans can t even act otherwise based on predetermined decisionRead MoreThe Case Of The Unwilling Addict1479 Words   |  6 Pagesbolster this case, I will argue for the Principle of Alternative Possibilities by re-evaluating Frankfurt’s case of the Unwilling Addict. I will then refute the notion of determinism by referring to Wolf’s JoJo example by taking a compatibilist approach. In 1971, Harry Frankfurt wrote his second most influential paper on free-will. Freedom of the Will and the Concept of a Person asks; what is it to be a person? In Frankfurt’s view, one essential difference between persons and non-human animals is to beRead MoreWilliam James on Free Will1537 Words   |  7 Pagesphilosophy and psychology (in which he officiated as a formal study through lectures) (Goodman, 2009). As did many philosophers, Jamesian thinking seeded many discussions on various philosophical topics such as metaphysics, morality, free will-determinism, religion and the afterlife; however, what truly made his ideas notable was his uncanny ability to borrow and integrate knowledge from branches of physiology, psychology and philosophy to weave new insights and dimensions onto traditional philosophicalRead MoreDavid Hume s Theory Of Free Will1559 Words   |  7 Pagesthinkers. Hard determinism bases its viewpoint on the strict theory of causality, rejecting the idea of free will. On the contrary, Libertarianism opposes this, supporting the concept of free will and denying that a deterministic universe exists. Both of these arguments adhere to incompatibilism as they refute the coexistence of both notions. Subsequently, 18th century Scottish philosopher David Hume (1748) procured his influential proposal of compatibilism, attempting to resolve the debate as he arguesRead MoreDeterminism Vs. Free Will1341 Words   |  6 PagesDeterminism is a doctrine suggesting that for every event there exist conditions that could cause no alternative event. Free will is a philosophical term describing a particular sort of capacity of rational agents to choose a course of action from among various alternatives. Understandably, the dichotomy between these two concepts is a topic philosophers have debated over for many years. As a result of these debates, a number of alternative philosophical perspectives arguing for the existence ofRead More oundation or Indivi dual in a Determinate Universe1627 Words   |  7 Pagesof compatibility of determinism and the freedom of human choice. This problem becomes apparently an isoluble paradox if one admits that the notion of freedom of human choice includes negation of the predetermination of decisions taken. Denial of such an inclusion is based on an analysis of the reasons that have led to the notion of freedom of human choice. Basically, this notion is intimately linked with the actual mechanism of decision-making. However, the concept of freedom of human choice is

Anti Tobacco Advertisements And Effects On Quitting...

In the article â€Å"Recall of Anti-Tobacco Advertisements and Effects on Quitting Behavior: Results from the California Smokers Cohort† the authors try to research if anti-tobacco television advertisements with personal message can be recall by the person and have a greater impact on smoking cessation. The authors felt that this was an important topic to study because they were concern about the dangers of smoking tobacco. According to Leas et al. (2015) â€Å"Nondaily smoking and second-hand smoke exposure can lead to the same negative health consequences that result from daily smoking†(p.90). As a result, the authors engage in a cohort study where they use anti-tobacco advertisements to see which advertisement has a greater recall on smokers, and haves greater effect on smoking cessation. The authors engage in a Cohort study, because this study is being observed for a long period of time and data is being collected from a group of people who are current smokers. The researchers are testing what happens to the person that has been expose to a particular anti-tobacco ad. There are 4 ads; Stages, Don’t stop fighting, Trapped, and The Emerging Men. The specific kinds of data the authors use to answer their research questions was the follow ups and the interviews. These data was collected through advertisement recall, quitting behavior, and covariates. The advertisement recall, help the authors know which advertisement in the past 60 days they remember and the participants answer byShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:

Research Methods for V Non-Sampling Errors- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theResearch Methods for V Non-Sampling Errors. Answer: Are attitudes too complex and transient to measure? The purpose of the attitude scale is to accurately measure the values of individual outlook in better accurate levels. The research methods are highly dependent on the behavior of the sample groups, which are considered to be the essential elements in getting the added information. The responses that are provided by the people within a community can vary depending upon the attitude of individual. The complex nature of the attitude is mainly due to the frequent changes that occur within the due course. High level of accuracy is needed in order to measure the transient nature of social attitude. It will therefore be possible to bring about changes in the data of the research work that will help to improve the authenticity and validity of the same. Investigation quality within the project depends upon the ability of the investigators to predict the changes in the attitude. For marketing or business research the data analysis is mainly dependent on the attitudes that are being measured in each case. This is believed to be highly critical as the change in the behavior or attitude can have significant impact on to the marketing research work. Hence, it is also not possible to have a generalized statistical parameter of measuring the research attitude due to its frequent changing attitude. It is important to measure the change in the attitude, which is also considered difficult. This is one of the challenging tasks as the attitude of the people within the same sample group can vary hugely. The different type of errors that includes the sampling and non-sampling errors are mainly caused due to the high level of variance in the attitude of the samples. Sampling errors V non-sampling errors The sampling errors are the one that are caused due to estimation of result from the subset within a population. This is mainly caused due to the fact that the investigators do not include all types of people of community within the sample. This can result in higher level of errors within the different research works that are conducted within the same community. This is due to the difference in the attitude of public within the community. This error is mainly caused due to the mistake in selection of the sample size. There is also chance that within the chosen sample many of the respondents do no chose to provide any form of answers. Hence, with less volume of data, the chance of error is quite high. On the other hand, the non-sampling errors are caused due to difference within the value of the data that are collected with that of the actual values. Unlike the sampling errors, the non-sampling ones are not dependent on the sample size and the choice of sample. The sampling error can be minimized but increasing the size of the sample. The non-sampling ones can be decreased by improving the level of accuracy in the process of data collection. The chance of detecting the non-sampling errors is quite low as it is not possible to measure the parameters of accuracy. It is also virtually impossible for the investigators to eliminate the chance of occurrence the non-sampling errors. Nevertheless, both types of errors ultimately affect the accuracy level within the research work. It is also essential to make use of the advanced automation process that is required minimize the errors that are caused due to non-sampling ones.

Inventory System Essay Example

Inventory System Essay Inventory System Rochelle Joyce Camalig Aljay Saraga Edlyn Hainto Mark Ulysses Bayot Paul John Parrenas Acknowledgement The group would like to acknowledge Mr. Danillo Albay, SAD professor, for giving our team the opportunity to create this system. The group also acknowledge the company Golden Key Auto Supply and General Merchandise for letting us examine its system. I. Mission and Vision Mission As a wholesaler and retailer of automotive spare parts, the company aims to serve the needs and requirement of various type of automobile. It aims to provide high quality parts and materials for the proper maintenance and repairs of the vehicle. Vision The business envisions itself to become the number automotive parts supplies in the Cavite region. II. Organizational Chart III. Historical Background: The Golden Key Auto Supply is a Filipino business. Based in Dasmarinas, Cavite, the auto supply was founded by Salvador E. Young in June 1999. The Youngs family was in the automotive parts dealer for almost forty years. It started at Sorsogon, Sorsogon in 1976 and had established branches at Samar, Tabaco Albay and in Makati. As the family migrated to Cavite, they decided to put up the Golden key Auto Supply at Dasmarinas, Cavite. In 2008, they renamed the business to saviour Auto supply. IV. Background of the Study Many auto supplies nowadays usually lack an efficient inventory system. This is usually because most small time dealers don’t care much about the existing system due to the reason that the business is still small and just growing. This is why in unexpected incidents such as lost of certain items, problems arise. This shows the importance of inventory systems in such businesses. We will write a custom essay sample on Inventory System specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Inventory System specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Inventory System specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The purpose of this study is to construct an efficient inventory system for Golden Key Auto Supply. Golden Key Auto Supply was a part of Young’s Auto Supply. It often encounters problems regarding its inventory system. Usually, some items disappear without any record. This is why items should be tracked properly. These problems occur because the company follows no officially established system. They just keep a record of the sales which they determine using the receipts. But they also admitted that not all items are being given receipts. This is the reason why the record becomes unreliable. Another problem is that they only keep one copy of the record. Having no back up files may result to loss of data. With these regards, the group decided to work on a system for Golden Key Auto Supply. V. Statement of the Problem A company, especially a company that sells items should have an efficient inventory system. Companies that do not have strong inventory system may lead into bankruptcy due to the sneaking out products. The first problem of the Golden Key Auto Supply and General Merchandise is that it has no established inventory system. Many small companies have also his kind of problem. They say that they have a system that can organize the flow of their inventory but this system does not followed all the time. So the tendency is, the information needed to make an inventory report is not very accurate. And in this matter continues, the company may shrink down to bankruptcy. Another problem is lacking of safe keeping of the company’s records. Records are essential to m ake an inventory report. So if the company’s record are lost, or changed, company may suffer from difficulties in recording and retrieving their record of transactions, purchase and etc. The result is data can be corrupted to use it for steal the company’s capital and earning. The third fatal problem of the company is not all the items sold are not being given receipts. This may affect the records. The group got information from the company itself that the low cost items are sometimes being taken for granted and not being given receipts. This might be only seem small, but if these build up, this will result to a significant loss. VI. General Objectives: Generally, this proposal intends: . To give the company chosen an inventory system to lessen the errors in their inventory report To make the company’s inventory system more organized through our proposal Specifically this proposal intends: . To make sure that all the products that was stored safely . To made the inventory report and auditing accurate. . To ensure that the product s and the inventory are well recorded . To avoid the product stealing inside the company . To stable the flow of the products running inside and outside the company VII. Proposal: The current system followed by the Golden Key Auto Supply is proven inefficient due to the problems that aroused. In this regard, the group roposes a system that will substitute the current system. The researchers proposed an automated inventory system. This system will help the company in tracing the items/products supplied and sold to the costumer. The researchers also think that this system can avoid products stealing inside the company and it can help the company to made accurate inventory report. This system will help them to organize their inventory system. VIII. Paradigm The paradigm used in this study is the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) because it is easier and more systematic than the other paradigm. The SDLC have five phases, Planning Phase, Analysis Phase, Design Phase, Development Phase and Implementation Phase. In the Planning Phases, we gathered all the requirements needed for the system. Since the system is an inventory system, research about the company’s existing system wad conducted. The group found out that Golden Key Auto Supply and General Merchandise has no officially established system. Knowing this, the group started with sending questionnaires to the company’s proprietor to gather all the information needed. In the Analysis Phase, the group divide the task needed. One of the task is the interview the owner of the company, one of the group so this task and in the other member try to analyze the gathered data. The group also used some related issues and article s from the internet to analyze the system of the company. In the Design Phase, the group had an overview of the company’s system using different diagram. The diagrams used are Data Flow Diagram, Hierarchal Input and Output, Input and Output, Entity Relation Diagram and the System Flow Chart. All this diagrams used to understand deeper the system needs by the company. The group design a proper inputting, processing and outputting of the new items for the company. In the Development Phase, the group constructed the system that will be able to help the company with its inventory. As the group knows that the company’s inventory system is done manually so that the group proposed to the company helps to organize the inventory system. Implementation and maintenance will take place if the system is accepted. The researchers conclude that the proposed system can help them in providing an accurate inventory that there not going to think about the stealing of products. IX. Diagrams This study focuses only to the inventory system of Golden Key Auto Supplies and General Merchandise. The researchers of this study make different diagrams to show the relationship between entities in the company. This study used five major diagrams – Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Hierarchal Input, Process and Output (HIPO), Input, Process and Output (IPO), Entity – Relationship Diagram (ERD) and the System Flow Chart. Data Flow Diagram Data -flow diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of the flow of data through an information system. DFDs can also be used for the visualization of data processing (structured design). Golden Key Auto Supply and General Merchandise’s data flow diagram shows the graphical representation of the inventory system. The company order their supplies from the supplier and record the arrival of the ordered supplies. They record it manually using a notebook that all the supplies are listed. After listing it to the notebook they put it on the stock room. When a customer order an items to the company, the sales man check the availability of the item to the stockroom and if it is available they subtract the item purchased by the customer. Then the costumer gives the payment and the company issues receipt. Hierarchal Input, Process and Output The HIPO (Hierarchy plus Input-Process-Output) technique is a tool for planning and/or documenting a computer program. A HIPO model consists of a hierarchy chart that graphically represents the program’s control structure and a set of IPO (Input-Process-Output) charts that describe the inputs to, the outputs from, and the functions (or processes) performed by each module on the hierarchy chart. This diagram shows the HIPO of the company. It shows that the inventory system of the company has a simple input, process and output. In the input, is the supplier supply one or many item it update the stocks of the company, then in the process, the update stocks must generate reports and its output will manage the date. Input, Process and Output Input, Process and Output (IPO) is used to show the simple inputting, processing and outputting of data in the company. Golden Key Auto Supply and General Merchandise use this IPO chart. In this diagram, new item is added to the stockroom. The item ordered by the customer is subtracted to the stock room and the company generate receipts and the receipts are used for making the Inventory Reports that forms a Inventory File. Entity Relationship Diagram An entity-relationship (ER) diagram is a specialized graphic that illustrates the interrelationships between entities. ER diagrams often use symbols to represent three different types of information. Boxes are commonly used to represent entities. Diamonds are normally used to represent relationships and ovals are used to represent attributes. System Flowchart X. Recommendation: Since the current system did not serve its purpose of solving the inventory problems, the group recommends our system to be used by the company, Golden Key Auto Supply and General Merchandise. The manual system used by the company is not very effective since the inventory data is kept unsafe, with no back up file. In our system, an automated system will be used. This system produces hardcopies and back up files of all the files needed for inventory. This system’s cost is suitable enough for a small company. XI. Conclusion After the group have examined the system of the current system of the company and after the group have developed a system, the group arrived at a conclusion that the use of manual system is not very effective. This is because some of the steps maybe skipped due to unexpected circumstances, like an employee forgetting a certain step or having some data loss. In an automated system, the steps will have to be followed because its sequence will be recorded electronically. Time will also be used efficiently because the adding and subtracting of items from the inventory will be done by a computer. XII. Appendixes Appendix A Gantt Charts Planning Analysis Design Development Evaluation Appendix B Questionnaires 1. What kinds of products are you selling? Our company are selling auto spare parts and accessories of the different types of cars. 2. Specify the products being sold. 3. Which products are usually purchased? 4. How many suppliers do you have? 5. Specify the suppliers from whom you get your products. 6. Do you have any other branches? 7. Do the branches coordinate with each other for the products? 8. Do you offer other services rather than your products? 9. Give us an estimate on the number of items sold each day. 0. Are you associated with other companies? 11. Do you keep a record of your daily sales? 12. Are the records kept safe? 13. Do you keep your own copies of each receipt? 14. Are all items sold being given a receipt? 15. Do you regularly monitor the number of products you have in your inventory? 16. Do you use a manual or an automated system for your inventory? 17. How are the i tems stocked arranged? 18. Do you have anyway of knowing whether an item is missing? 19. Where there any case wherein the sales were affected because of a problem in the inventory? 20. What do you do in such cases?

Comparing Australian and Japanese Lifestyles Essay Example

Comparing Australian and Japanese Lifestyles Essay Example Comparing Australian and Japanese Lifestyles Essay Comparing Australian and Japanese Lifestyles Essay Comparing Australian and Japanese lifestyles Education system in Japan to Australia The Japanese school and education system is very strong and one of the best in the world with 100% enrolment rate and only 2% high school dropout rate. The school system in set out in a 6-3-3-4 6 years in primary school, 3 years in junior or elementary, 3 years in high school and 4 years at University or collage. This school system is very different in Australia with school rates can be up to 17% with a far perfect enrolment percentage. The school system also sees us attending 7 years in primary school, 6 years in high school and around 4 years in University or tafe witch is offered to Australian students. Tafe is an alternate option to University you may attend tafe without your HSC. Japanese year goes from April to March it is a 3 term year and for holidays getting 6 weeks for summer and 2 weeks for a winter and spring break they arrange to have holiday breaks when most of the holidays are on like cherry blossom festival. But for elementary school who have 6 hour day with is one of the longest school days in the world, they also only get 6 week holidays in summer and 2 week holiday in winter and spring witch if always filled with homework. Australia school year ends in the middle of December and starts on the 1st of February. Having a 4 terms throughout with a 6 week- 7 week summer holiday and 2 week holidays in spring, winter and autumn. Japanese children find school to be a tough part of their life waking up early and coming home late with very little days off and lots of homework, working close to every hour of the day and making school there life. Because of the petite amount of teachers and stuff they cram 40-50 students in a class room making them have little time one on one with the teacher. Where Australians schools are much more free have little homework of the younger years, with holidays that are not filled with homework the school day is also shorter and ending with happier kids. Australia has many trained teachers making 20-30 students in a class leaving kids better involved. Gender roles Gender roles in japan are developing everyday but they are not as evolved as the western society. Japan still sticks into the belief of the wife doing most of the domestic housework leaving the husband doing as little as 20 mins a day if any. A modern Japanese family also tries to keep as little as possible contact with the wife and husband leaving an half an hour a day of conversation. The wife also is in charge of childcare, saying that the husband must only play with children on weekends. Once their first child is born into a Japanese family the wife must only called mother and the husband dad. Australian culture thinks very differently. Because of are right to a say in our society we have grown to have our own personality and interest, leaving us with every Australian household family to be very unique and every little way. Children in Australia normally use their experience with their mum and dad and what they believed where there gender roles in the house hold, and use them in their own families once they have grown up. These roles could be from the traditional wife stays at home cooks and cleans while husband works and brings in the income, to both parents working and everyone in the house pitches in to keep the house clean. In my personal experience my dad worked while my mum stayed at home, when I have a family I hope to do that to so I can build a strong relationship with my children and be there for them at any time of the day when they need me. Every country has different beliefs and values and that’s what we have seen the diversity in the Japanese and Australian way of living. None of them are a wrong way of living or right it is what we grow up with and what are family’s think are the best of us, the way we grow up is to make us good people who have lots of knowledge so we can make responsible and well thought out dictions in the future, for bringing up a family or making your own career path it’s up to you.

The Changing Meaning of Mural

The Changing Meaning of Mural The Changing Meaning of Mural The Changing Meaning of Mural By Maeve Maddox Because I am used to thinking of a mural as a painting on a wall, I was startled to hear a local radio announcer refer to a contest for artists to submit designs to paint â€Å"murals† on storm drains. Storm drains are on the ground. They are also rather small. I think of murals as being quite large. Here’s the definition from the OED: mural (noun): a painting executed directly on to a wall or ceiling as part of a scheme of decoration. I was surprised to see ceiling included in the definition. Mural derives from the Latin word for wall: murus. The Latin adjective is muralis, â€Å"of or relating to a wall.† According to the OED, mural in the context of painting is an American coinage dating from 1908. In earlier British usage, a mural was â€Å"a fruit tree grown against and fastened to a wall.† In US urban settings, mural is used in its customary sense, but recently it has come to be used of paintings made on sidewalks, on streets, and even on such things as benches. Here are some examples from news stories originating in different parts of the country: Last year, the CARE neighborhood in partnership with Banner Neighborhoods painted a street mural in the intersection at the south side of the market. - Maryland. University Facilities and Services is coordinating a project featuring storm drain murals to encourage pollution awareness. - Illinois. Monroe Municipal Mural on sidewalk - Georgia. This year another ten local artists were chosen to  paint murals  on ten  storm drains  in the Springfield area.  - Missouri. The new FABnyc  sidewalk mural, fashioned by  Ecuadorian artist Raà ºl Ayala is among our favorite public artworks to surface this year. - New York. â€Å"Only rain down the drain,† reads a mural painted on a concrete bench on the west side of Matthews Street halfway between Green Street and Springfield Avenue. - Illinois. This expanded meaning for mural has resulted in the creation of the retronym â€Å"wall mural.† For Drew and me, painting wall murals has been a great source of extra income. Its finally time to put the finishing touches on the Library Wall Mural and seal it. We completed a big full color wall mural in Naga Gallery. Purists may cringe at the idea of â€Å"sidewalk murals,† but if the painting on a ceiling can be called a mural, I suppose that a large painting on the floor or the ground might reasonably share the term. To refer to a painting or design on a small surface such as a bench or a storm drain as a mural, however, seems to be an unnecessary stretch of meaning. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:15 Terms for Those Who Tell the FuturePeople versus Persons30 Words Invented by Shakespeare

Database Systems Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Database Systems - Assignment Example A distributed request refers data from several different data processor sites. Each request can access data from many sites where a transaction access several data sites. Similar to requests, transactions can also be categorised as remote and distributed. A remote transaction is composed with several requests but accesses data in a single data processor site. A distributed transaction allows referring several local and remote data processor sites where an individual request can refer data in single location but the entire transaction will refer several sites to complete the transaction. Question 2 Most of these problems occur due to data transformation incompatibilities and conventions used. With in the different divisions of an organization, operational data may vary in terms of how they are recorded or on the data type and structures used. For an example if we take a sales company the Customer service division may use ‘pending’,’ active’, ‘inactiveà ¢â‚¬â„¢ and ‘cancelled’ but Audit division may use number tags such as 1, 2, 3, and 4. For same two divisions they may use different conventions for entering customer phone number to the database. For an instance where the phone number can be entered as 091-3453489 by Audit division and the Customer services division enters it as 0913453489.

Professional Experience As A Key Determinant In Seeking A Career Essay

Professional Experience As A Key Determinant In Seeking A Career - Essay Example As many students are encouraged to pursue a given field based upon their own values, belief systems, and worldview, so similarly are educators and practitioners encouraged to give back to their community with respect to the desire to impart the values, beliefs, and worldview. What such a unique model creates within the Walden University setting is a situation in which passionate practitioners seek to impart their expertise to eager learners who also have a desire to practice such a trade within the workforce (Walden University 2012). Naturally, beyond a mere understanding of the practical application, the scholar-practitioners are able to engage the students with the unique idealism that they so eagerly seek with reference to the potential career they will be pursuing. Similarly, one of the main goals that a student will realize is that they have a profound desire to positively affect the lives and health of those under their charge. Although they may not be specialists in the medical sense of the term, they are nonetheless an integral link in the chain of healthcare providers that help to relay a high quality of care to those under their purview (ACHA 2011). Similarly, the roles and responsibilities of a manager with regards to the healthcare organization of today are increasingly varied and complex. As such, it requires a great deal of expertise to be able to handle the plethora of different demands and constraints that such a complex and storied profession requires (Health Management Careers 2012). As such, some of the key skills which one requires in order to succeed in such a field involve superior time management, understandings of the key complications that seek to differentiate aspects of the healthcare industry, a clear understanding and application of ethics and morality, compassion for and identification with a host of individuals from different ethnicities and backgrounds, as well as a profound regard for seeking the greater good and ameliorating suffering wherever it may be found.

US as a World Power Essay Example for Free

US as a World Power Essay In the 1890’s, the idea of imperialism had begun imprinting itself in American minds. Many Americans began to believe that the United States was either going to explode or expand. Our country had a new sense of power which was generated from the growth of our industry and wealth. There were Americans who had pushed the idea of imperialism through books and articles, calling it the adventures of childhood dreams. The first moments had begun with President Cleveland and his secretary of state James G. Blaine. Imperialism had come off as an idea that benefited the world but, the cold hard truth was that we were simply just benefiting ourselves. Our new international interests began in several ways. Blaine had pushed the Big Sister policy, with this policy we were able to get the Latin Americans to rally with Uncle Sam. This give off an impression that we want to help out the others, give them an idea of bond ship with the United States but in reality, what we truly wanted was their open markets and utilize them for ourselves. Document A shows how power-hungry we are, wanting â€Å"to show our strength† and wanting â€Å"the taste of Empire†. One of the first ways we showed off our new, violent, and power hungry status was in 1899 against Germany. The two nations had been bickering over the Samoan Islands. Luckily, this was resolved and no war broke out. Alaska, another area of issues that occurred between The U. S. and Canada. This fight was a more idealistic than self interest one though. The hostilities had begun with seal hunting which, the United States was against giving off their humanitarian ideology. Doc. B, provide an explanation of this by stating that â€Å"we cannot fly from our world duties†. Hawaii was another area of interest to America. It’s location was able to hold a naval and it was enriched with resources the nation could use. American planters were searching for ways to secure Hawaii’s annexation. The Queen of Hawaii was against this and believed that her natives should keep control. The whites then revolted and the U. S. rushed to annexation but, President Cleveland withdrew the idea. The majority of the Hawaiian natives were against the idea and the idea of annexation was temporarily abandoned. We didn’t want to give Hawaii freedom and they didnt want it either, we just wanted to have over their island. Doc. C provide a well example of this, â€Å"they like their own way† yet we act as â€Å"amongst them as ruler†, not giving them the freedom. Cuba was another moment in our imperialistic time, where it was idealism than self-interest, supposedly. The Cuban’s were trying to revolt against their leaders in 1895. America gave their sympathies to the Cubans but were largely worried about their investments in the land. Senator Lodge at the time even showed their self-interest ways, â€Å"whoever controlled Cuba controls the Gulf†. McKinley, President at the time, gave in and sent the war message to free Cuba. Proposing the lie called The Teller Amendment after Cuba America was free but, not entirely. The Cubans were forced to sign to the Platt Amendment which basically, set them still under American control. This situation proves right here wanted control, not their freedom. Doc. D proves this control with stating, That the United States owns them but, â€Å"it can not incorporate them as part of the United States†. In1901, Theodore Roosevelt had taken the reigns of the U. S.  He had his own form of foreign policy called the Big Stick. The Big Stick policy was extremely aggressive and was very built around self-interest. Imperialists applauded his every move. His first move was the Panama Canal. The Colombian senate rejected the American offer of 10 million which Roosevelt didnt take fondly. In order to build his canal , Roosevelt sponsored a revolt in Panama and gained the opportunity to construct it with a larger zone. This situation right here shows how The U. S. truly did all the imperialistic moves in order to support itself not the world.

History And Development Of The Internet Essay -- essays research paper

History and Development of the Internet The internet is a global computer network connecting millions and millions of users throughout the world. (Leiner, 2). It has become one of the fastest growing forms of communication today. (Marshall, 1). The Internet started as a Defense Department Cold War experiment in the 1950’s. (Academic American, 225). The government needed a way to relay information between tanks and headquarters so the APRA (Advanced Research Projects Agency) sought a way to let signals from the battlefield reach a headquarters computer using satellites and radio signals. At the same time the command posts of the nation were located deep underground in mountains in fear of nuclear war. (Diamond, 3). Paul Baran, working for the U.S. Air Force, developed a network that could reroute itself around damage caused by the impact of an Intercontinental Ballistic Missile by using "redundancy of connectivity". This meant that in the event of a break in the network the server would re-route the information in an alternate path through a new technique called "packet switching". Packet Switching is a means of breaking up the message being sent into small packets which carry enough inform ation to seek out its destination and sending them out separately towards the destination server. The message after being broken up would take separate routes to the destination and then be re-assembled by the computer at the server where the message was being sent. This was good because with more than one route for information to travel on, the enemy did not have one central point to target their attack to break the lines of communication and in the event of some break in the line information could still travel through. (Diamond, 4). This all interested the APRA enough to fund the research and development of an experimental computer network with hopes of demonstrating the feasibility of remote computer operation from the battlefield. Vinton Cerf also called "The Father of the Internet", a graduate student working at UCLA began to take interest in the 4 node APRAnet, and in 1973 developed the first TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) software. (Leiner, 4). TCP/IP software converts messages into streams, transmits them acro... ...e the controversial newsgroups (until this point net. had held everything). Some systems had refused to carry the controversial newsgroups like net.rec.drugs so the ".alt" (alternative) hierarchy was created. (Diamond, 12) After the development and merger of APRAnet and usenet the internet began to grow exponentially. (Diamond, 11). The internet evolved from a small government project to the fastest growing form of communication it is today. (Blom, 2) Bibliography "Internet." Academic American Encyclopedia. 1996. Diamond, Edwin and Stephen Bates. "The Ancient History of the Internet." American Heritage. Oct. 1995: pp. 34+. In Social Issues Resource Series, Inc. History- Article #17. Blom, Eric. "Ruts in Rural Info Highway." Maine Sunday Telegram (Portland, ME). CD Newsbank. 12 April 1998. Mashall, Joshua Micah. "Will Free Speech Get Tangled in the Net?" American Prospect. Jan./Feb. 1998: pp. 46-50. In Social Issues Resource Series, Inc. Internet, Censorship- Article #1. Leiner, Barry. "A Brief History of the Internet." 17 December 1998. http://www.isoc.org/internet-history/brief.html

Maori Culture Essay

Abstract The Maori, which means â€Å"ordinary or common,† arrived in New Zealand in the 14th century. Polynesian by descent, they came from the mythical land of Hawaiki, believed by many experts to be a combination of places, including Tahiti, Samoa, Hawaii and the Cook Islands. Upon arriving in New Zealand, the Maori dubbed the picturesque land Aotearoa, or â€Å"land of the long white cloud.† The Maori Culture The Maori like many other Pacific Islanders started their journey in a canoe. Living on an island afforded the Maori with a unique and diverse culture that is still evident in Modern day New Zealand. In the next few pages I will give you a brief glimpse of the Maori way of life then and now. I will discuss the belief and value system, gender roles, healing the sick and also the impact of Colonialism on the Maori way of life. There are three basic beliefs and values of the Maori. I nga wa o Mua, Whakapapa and Mana. I nga wa o Mu. Maori believe that ancestors and supernatural beings are ever-present and able to help the tribe in times of need. The Maori world view is to look in front of us to the past for guidance as that is where we came from. It was because of this philosophy that the Maori did not conveniently forget about the Treaty of Waitangi once it was signed. Through facing the past they can learn from past mistakes and not repeat them. This concept is totally reversed in other cultures, who try to encourage them to forget about the past and to put things behind them Whakapapa Whakapapa translated means genealogy. The Maori believe that everything and everyone are connected and therefore a part of their Whakapapa. Whakapapa includes genealogies of spiritual and mythological significance, as well as information about the person’s tribe and the land he or she lives on. The Whakapapa is passed down orally in the form of stories. One of the most famous stories is story of the creation of Aotearoa. Aotearoa was pulled from the sea by the demi god Maui. Maui was the last of five brothers and was known to be clever. He hid in the canoe of his brothers and when they would not give him bait to fish he took his magical hook and slashed his face and smeared the blood on his hook so that his blood would attract the fish. Smelling the blood the god of the sea gave Maui his biggest fish. Maui asked his brothers to not cut up and eat the fish until proper arrangements had been made to appease and thank the gods for their gift. While Maui was on land trying to pull the boat to shore his brothers started to cut the fish because it started to move. That is why Aotearoa the fish and the mountains and the valleys are where Maui’s brothers tried to cut the fish. Mana According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, Mana is â€Å"Among Polynesian and Melanesian peoples, a supernatural force or power that may be ascribed to persons, spirits, or inanimate objects. Mana may be good or evil, beneficial or dangerous, but it is not impersonal; it is never spoken of except in connection with powerful beings or things. The term was first used in the 19th century in the West in connection with religion, but mana is now regarded as a symbolic way of expressing the special qualities attributed to persons of status in a hierarchical society, of providing sanction for their actions, and of explaining their failures†. The Maori believe in three forms of Mana. The first type of Mana is the Mana that you have when you are born. This Mana comes from your Whakapapa and can attribute to the rank and status of your descendants. This Mana is not only the ancestor themselves but also the deeds that they did and the skills, traits and abilities taught to them by their tupuna (elders). The second type of Mana is Mana given to you by other people. Today there are people who seek Mana and deliberately go around trying to gain Mana by telling people about their own importance. There is a Maori saying: â€Å" The Kumara does not talk about its’ own sweetness.† But Mana seekers do exactly that. Humbleness is a very highly valued trait in the Maori world. Many of the great leaders are very humble people, hence part of their greatness. The Maori people sing their praises, thereby heightening their Mana. You will never hear the great leaders singing their own praises. It is not that they are trying to be humble; it is that they just are. The third type of Mana is Mana from the group. The best example I could come up with is the Mana of the marae. The marae is the sacred courtyard that you must be formally invited to enter for the first time. The marae is where challenges are met and issues are debated. When you stay on a Marae all are treated well and fed great food. When the visitor leaves they tell everyone about the great time they had thus increasing the Mana of the marae. If they tell everyone they were treated ill and unkind then the Mana of the marae decreases. Traditional Maori folklore focuses on oppositions between pairs, such as earth and sky, life and death, and male and female. From the time of creation the original couple, Rangi (sky) and Papa (earth) were locked in sexual union until the god Tane was able to push them apart and provide for the creation of human life. So as you can see opposition existed before the creation of human life according to Maori traditional stories. It then would suffice that opposition would exist throughout Maori culture. Premarital sexual relationships were considered normal for Maori adolescents. Both males and females were expected to have a series of private relationships before they married. When Maori females became sexually active, they were to publicly acknowledge this so that they could become tattooed. Tattooing marked their ritual and public passage into adulthood. It was also considered extremely attractive and erotic. Tattooing among the Maori was highly developed and extremely symbolic. Maori facial tattoos were created by two methods. One was by piercing and pigmenting the skin with a tattooing comb. The other was by creating permanent grooves in the face with a chisel-like instrument. . Females were also tattooed in Maori society. Female facial tattooing was known as ta ngutu. Designs were placed on the chin and lips. When it comes to sickness and healing in Maori culture things were very different before Colonization. In traditional times before the colonization of New Zealand, Maori saw science and religion as the same entity and believed that illnesses were caused by supernatural sources. Maori had a good concept of anatomy, physiology and the use of plants for healing; however there was an undefined distinction between the mind and body. Maori believed an evil spirit or a type of witchcraft would attack an individual to cause ill-health as a punishment for breaking the tapu (sacred restriction) of the family that the spirit belonged to. This type of illness was called mate atua (disease of the gods) since there was no obvious physical cause. The individual would experience pain, weakness, loss of appetite, malaise, fever and occasionally delirium due to possession of the spirit. When Captain James Cook colonized New Zealand in 1830 he brought with him, evasive plants and animals as well as guns, alcohol and diseases that the Maori were previously exposed to. New Zealand’s isolation meant that the Maori people lacked immunity to bacterial and viral infections that were common in other countries. The Maori found that their healing methods were ineffective against the new diseases and had to rely on the medicines of the missionaries. The effectiveness and popularity of the missionaries’ medicines assisted in the conversion of Maori to Christianity. It appeared to the Maori that the Christian god had superior powers and this attributed to the health and prosperity of the Europeans. The fundamentals of Maori society, culture, religion and medicine became strained as religion was involved in their everyday lives and many of their beliefs were based upon it. The people began to lose their Mana due to the shift of religion and the spread of Western knowledge undermining the tohunga’s ( spiritual leader) authority The downfall of the whare wananga (school of learning) was also due to conflict between Maori religion and Christianity. In 1907 the Tohunga Supression Act was passed due to concern being raised over the practice and safety of some tohunga. Maori healing was seen as ‘dangerous’ by Western modern medicine as it was not scientifically proven. The Tohunga Suppression Act was repealed in 1962 however this had little significance as some tohunga had practiced throughout the 20th century especially in remote rural areas of the country. Tohunga are still significant in current Rongoa Maori however modern tohunga have not been trained in traditional methods giving them a position of authority and prestige however they are still recognized as experts in their field. Many modern tohunga showed potential in their childhood by spending time with their elders and learning tribal and cultural lore. They then became an apprentice under an established tohunga to learn their expertise Current Maori healthcare is based on a holistic model that incorporates the physical, emotional, family and spiritual aspects of health. Each aspect must be treated or used to ensure full recovery of a patient. The current function of modern tohunga is varied. Conventional medicine is incorporated into the tohunga’s practice however traditional methods of karakia (chants) and inoi (prayer) are still extensively used. Native plants for medicinal purposes are widely used however application of uses varies between each practitioner. References 1. Franklin- Barbajosa, Cassandra. â€Å"Tattoo: Pigments of Imagination.† National Geographic News. March 7, 2008. http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0412/online_extra.html 2. Maori.org.nz. http://www.maori.org.nz/ 3. â€Å"Moriori.† Encyclopedia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9053755/Morior 4. The Legend of Maui. http://www.sacredtexts.com/pac/maui/maui04.htm 5. The Definition of Mana. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mana 6. Maori Colonization. http://www.heritagehistory.com/www/heritage.php?Dir=eras&FileName=britain_11.php

International Marketing Final Exam Essay

First Question: Disneyland Paris was one of Disneyland’s Global projects. Please discuss its advantages and disadvantages, and from reading and understanding the case suggest what was/were the mistake/s that Disney committed from the beginning till now. Second Question: Gillette is a giant company and has got a lot of success story globally, from your previous readings and your wide experience as marketing consultant specialized in International marketing. Compare between Gillette in Egypt and Gillette in Indonesia. From all aspects and suggest the best mode of entry for Gillette in Yemen. Third Question: You are the marketing consultant of Disneyland and you are thinking of a new market to enter in one or two of Arab countries. As an expert in International Marketing please consider the following: 1. Which country will you choose to enter, and why? 2. What is your mode of entry? 3. What should be taken into consideration in this regards? 4. What are the advantages and disadvantage of opening in Arab country? 5. What are the main obstacles that you are expecting to face? Fourth Question You are the working for an Egyptian company that is attempting to go globally with one of its products, and you are responsible for that, you will be deciding where and how to go. †¢ Assume that your company has † consumer or industrial product† †¢ You will follow all the needed steps to go globally from the first step that should be taken till the last decision † customization or standardization† Fifth question: Referring to the P&G case â€Å"Different for Gamble†, found in the â€Å"International Marketing Case Study.ppt† file, answer the following questions: †¢ Discuss the reasons for the initial failure for P&G in Japan. †¢ Where did P&G go wrong (if it did) in the evaluation of the Indian market and its strategy? †¢ Discuss the reasons for the differences in the performance of P&G in India and China.

Penetrating and Blunt Abdominal Trauma Essays

Penetrating and Blunt Abdominal Trauma Essays Penetrating and Blunt Abdominal Trauma Essay Penetrating and Blunt Abdominal Trauma Essay Introduction ‘Penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma’ is an article published in Critical Care Nursing Quarterly in the January to March, 2005 issue, written by Kristine L. Eckert. In this article, Kristine Eckert provides an overview of abdominal trauma related to penetrating and blunt mechanisms of injury. There are different case studies provided to illustrate interventions and treatments of different types of trauma. This article also provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the different organ systems, with complications being briefly discussed. Summary of Article The abdomen is divided anatomically into the peritoneal space, the retroperitoneal space, and the pelvis. There are both solid and hollow organs in these areas. Trauma to any of these areas in the abdomen can lead to complications including hemorrhage, shock, peritonitis, and sepsis. †Before considering a bowel injury, the patient’s respiratory, hemodynamic, and neurologic status should be evaluated because of a much greater immediate threat to life from these systems rather than a delay in bowel injury† (Eckert, 2005, p. 0). The differences between penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma and their threat to life are further illustrated in the four case studies discussed in this article. The first two case studies considered penetrating abdominal traumas. In the first case study, a male patient sustains gunshot wounds to his chest, back, and leg. With the gunshot wound, he suffers hemothorax, injuries to his lungs, bilateral kidney, diaphragm, liv er and small bowel, laceration of spleen, and tear to the distal end of his esophagus. The second case involves a male victim of a drive-by shooting with two gunshots wound to the right buttock and left lateral thigh. This type of gunshot wound is considered of the transabdominal nature, and the patient is a candidate for immediate surgery; computed tomography (CT) scanning was not completed prior to entry to the Operating Room (OR). With these gunshot wounds, he suffers bladder lacerations, perforation, retroperitoneal hematoma in the right pelvic area, and a gunshot wound to his thigh, which left him with a femur fracture. It is important to keep in mind that the external appearance of the wound does not determine the extent of internal injury. By just looking at the external location of a gunshot wound, certain organs or cavities may appear not to be involved. However, the trajectory of the bullet plays an important role in the extent of internal injury. The trajectory of the bullet depends on the caliber of the bullet, along with the angle and distance from which the gun was fired. The bullet can change its path and refract off of bony surfaces. Therefore, the assessment should include distinguishing the entrance and exit wounds and their locations, to assist in determining the trajectory of the bullet and what organs may be involved. It is necessary to have an exploratory laparotomy surgery for most gunshot wounds to the abdomen for damage control, even though the wound may appear to be superficial. The principles of damage control surgery are to: control hemorrhage, prevent contamination from the bowel, and to avoid further injury. In conjunction with clinical findings and patient symptoms, CT scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis with contrast, most commonly diagnose spleen and liver injuries. CT scan is the most sensitive diagnostic tool for most abdominal trauma injuries. A FAST scan is an inexpensive and rapid, noninvasive ultrasound that can be performed at the bedside to quickly evaluate intras of blunt abdominal traumas are presented in the last two case studies. In the third case study, a restrained elderly female driver was involved in a motor vehicle crash without airbag deployment. The female patient presents with unilateral weakness and complaints of chest pain. She has no visible trauma but her CT scan revealed liver laceration, multiple right rib fractures, and a grade I pancreatic contusion. Later, diagnosis includes right calcaneus fracture and a right proximal ulnar process fracture. The last case study is of a young female teenage passenger involved in a motor vehicle collision. Her main complaint is primarily abdominal pain. Assessment reveals an abrasion across the lower abdomen from iliac crest to iliac crest with mild tenderness to palpation. Initial complete blood count is normal. However, within three hours, her white count doubled, showing signs and symptoms of peritonitis. During surgery, a small bowel and a large bowel laceration, and a minor spleen laceration were noted. Undetected abdominal trauma can rapidly lead to death due to hemorrhage, shock, and sepsis. Common injuries due to blunt abdominal trauma can include: tears to the liver, rupture spleen, pancreatic tear, duodenum rupture, and kidney injuries. Evaluation of Article This is an interesting article, presenting an overview of both penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma. After reading this article, a deeper insight into understanding of both penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma is developed. The case studies are written in such a way to provide a step-by-step occurrence to the scenarios, making one feel part of the experience. The case studies help by providing a clearer picture and understanding of how each different injury led to a different outcome. This writer especially likes the breakdown of different organs and systems, and the significance they presented to each injury. The journal author provides a review of the systems, which was refreshing to one’s memory while reading about each organ and system, thus lending to the article being easily read. The injury grading scales of organs, such as the: liver, spleen, kidney, and pancreas, were clearly graded. This breakdown helps one develop a better understanding of the different injury levels. The abdominal assessment signs are an interesting tool to have, although they are not conclusive in diagnosis. This writer does not personally work with trauma patients. However, this valuable knowledge can come in handy when exposed to the chance to work with trauma patients. It helps by looking at gunshot injuries and motor vehicle accident injuries from a different perspective. One must look at a bigger picture and use critical thinking skills, as with all other injuries. However, it is interesting to know that in both penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma that the genitourinary system has the most common injuries. This article also includes an assessment of trauma patients with: observation, auscultation, perineum, rectal, and vaginal examinations. This assessment is clearly outlined, and easily followed. The knowledge from this article can be relevant to both nurses and practitioners because it provides a clear outline of the assessment process. The only section found to be slightly irrelevant is the detail about the surgical procedure in the first case study. However, it is not redundant. Actually, the information regarding the surgical procedure is found to be interesting, as it allows one to know the detail of the procedure so that the whole process can be understood. Conclusion This article provides a practical overview of abdominal trauma, with incidence of abdominal injuries being discussed and illustrated through case studies. Significant complications of intestinal injury include wound dehiscence, wound infection, intra-abdominal abscess, short bowel syndrome, and intestinal obstruction. The treatments and interventions discussed are applicable to nursing assessment, clinical practice, and prevent of complications. In addition to the anatomy and physiology of the different organ systems overviewed, the complications are discussed, and the differences between solid and hollow organs are reviewed, all valuable knowledge to develop. Reference Eckert, K. L. (2005). Penetrating and blunt abdominal trauma. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 28(1), 41-59.

The Law of Conservation of Energy Defined

The Law of Conservation of Energy Defined The law of conservation of energy is a physical law that states energy cannot be created or destroyed but may be changed from one form to another. Another way of stating this law of chemistry is to say the total energy of an isolated system remains constant or is conserved within a given frame of reference. In classical mechanics, conservation of mass and conversation of energy are considered to be two separate laws. However, in special relativity, matter may be converted into energy and vice versa, according to the famous equation E mc2. Thus, its more appropriate to say mass-energy is conserved. Example of Conservation of Energy If a stick of dynamite explodes, for example, the chemical energy contained within the dynamite changes into kinetic energy, heat, and light. If all this energy is added together, it will equal the starting chemical energy value. Consequence of Conservation of Energy One interesting consequence of the law of conservation of energy is that it means perpetual motion machines of the first kind are not possible. In other words, a system must have an external power supply to continuously deliver unlimited energy to its surroundings. Its also worth noting that its not always possible to define conservation of energy because not all systems have time translation symmetry. For example, conservation of energy may not be defined for time crystals or for curved space times.

Effective Performance Appraisal System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Effective Performance Appraisal System - Essay Example The systems approach will identify the barriers and emphasize on defining the objective of performance appraisal, determine what time would be effective for conducting the process, the addition of some effective appraisal categories, and concentrating on the result of the appraisal and finding loopholes if necessary. I can consider the systems performance appraisal approach being used in my organization effectively as it is based on all the factors discussed above and it also takes into account some other factors such as results, objectives, behavior, competencies and several arrangements of methods. In this paper I will further discuss how I would ensure that the solution I recommended complies with five requirements defined by Cascio, which are sensitivity, relevance, reliability, practicality and acceptability. I will also be shedding light on how by preventing some legal difficulties the organization can avoid the rating error. The results of the previous assessment will also be compared with the finding in order to analyze the recommended performance appraisal system (Kondrasuk, 2012). The terms performance reviews and performance evaluation hold the same meaning as the â€Å"Performance Appraisal†. Performance appraisal is considered to be the assessment conducted to evaluate the performance of employees. It is also defined as an assessment conducted to provide the employees feedback on their performance. Performance appraisal is also defined to be a system where the expected job performance is compared with employee’s actual job performance, providing feedback to the employees so that they may change their goals accordingly and enhance their performance in future. Performance management of employees is considered to be an integral part of the performance appraisal system. McGrath has explained in detailed the Integrated performance management that is based on strategic and operational plans,

Public Administration The Good, The Bad, The Ugly Research Paper

Public Administration The Good, The Bad, The Ugly - Research Paper Example However, the failure of the House Republicans to endorse the process compelled President Obama to come up with immigration accountability executive actions. The actions target to provide a mechanism for fighting illegal crossing at the borders; deport felons who upset national security and overall public safety without including their families and running a background check of the undocumented illegal immigrants. The check will prompt the workers to pay their taxes legally and offer temporary stay before the payment (The White House, 2015). A regulatory public policy supports the move by the president to put an end to the illegal population in United States. A regulatory policy is aimed at limiting the actions of any person, group or organization to protect the general public or the portion of the public that is directly affected by those actions. Remarkably, a number of regulations aim at reducing criminal or illegal activities. The administration policies focus on regulating the practices of businesses to ensure that they uphold fair and competitive practices for all American citizens. Both state and federal government carry out the regulatory efforts to monitor organizations or agencies that upset stability of the economy. The propositions by the Obama government about immigration are built on the existing Immigration and National Act. The Immigration and National Act is a public policy that was created first in 1952 (West, 2010). The immigration law has so far received new provisions and reorganization in terms of structure. The government noted the need to reinforce homeland security procedures, governance of corporations and financial institutions following the rampant cases of terrorist activities and the turbulent state of the economy. The authority and regulatory grip of the government will be expanded if the entire congress and the senate endorse the proposed reforms. The previous governments have constituted the regulatory

Corporate strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1

Corporate strategy - Essay Example Additionally, the first manmade island, Palm Jumeirah, is one of such tourist destinations that are worth visiting. However, Dubai is inhibited by 1.4 million people, of whom less than 20% are natives of Dubai. This creates a sufficient skilled and un-skilled labor needs that are highly essential to fulfill the needs of development. And this has invited a large number of foreigners. Consequently, to fulfill the dearth of skilled and un-skilled labor, the Government of Dubai have allowed expatriates to serve and help the city of Dubai to become a dream destination of the tourists. Geographically, Dubai is ideally located, connecting the Indian Sub-Continent to Europe, the Far East and Africa. Besides serving a route business point, the tourists from such countries can easily reach Dubai. However, Dubai cannot avoid the threat of political instability in the region and, the criticism raised by the environmentalists over its excessive use of water and power to feed its growth of economy and tourism industry. Some recent reports suggest the ecological and carbon footprint is mostly contributed by Dubai due to its faster consumption of fossil fuels. In the following pages, the PESTEL analysis is followed by the SWOT analysis of Dubai. And in the end, some recommendations with conclusion are suggested in the light of the PESTEL and SWOT analysis. PESTEL analysis PESTEL stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal. The main purpose of PESTEL analysis is to understand and evaluate the impacts of the external environment on an entity or a country or a city. Without any doubt, these factors directly or indirectly influence on the strategic and operational decisions. Consequently, they are taken into account before determining and implementing strategic decisions and policies. Political and Legal Dubai is one of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates (Emirates.org, web). Politically, UAE is run and administrated under the authorit y of federation. The UAE federal government has considerable powers to determine many areas of public interest; however, certain features of governance are assigned to the member emirates to determine and implement them as they wish to do so. Currently, many policies of Dubai towards the tourism industry are considerably aligned with the guidelines of the UAE, and the same line is applicable to the legislative part as well. Economic Dubai is the second wealthiest emirate after Abu Dhabi in the UAE (Dubai. Web). Recently, the global financial crisis of 2007 has severely hit the economy of Dubai, resulting huge job losses and rising unemployment. The recession considerably put on hold the entire economy of the Dubai. However, as the period of recovery is on its way, the city of Dubai has again initiated its journey towards the economic growth and development; in that growth, the tourism industry plays a vital role. Additionally, its projects like the Burj Khalifa skyscraper have attra cted vast amount of foreign investment (news.bbc, web). Technological Dubai cannot remain behind in the field of

The Culture Of Cambodia Cultural Studies Essay

The Culture Of Cambodia Cultural Studies Essay There is a different work hours between government and private offices. For government offices, the routine work hours is on Monday- Saturday since 7.30am until 4.30pm with breaking for the lunch time while private offices normally have no break by use working on ones shift instead to keep longer hours for example; shops, supermarket, etc. Cambodian have customs and tradition to have long and suitable relationships in any business. They trust having proper behavior is more important than work performance for example; if you are honest, responsible for your tasks, polite and respect to the superiors or the higher powers, etc. The higher power will concern and give some rewards to the good employees such as money or power. To give and opinion, Cambodian employees prefer to follow the superiors opinion than against them. Cambodians prefer to improve their English skills to enhance themselves to the internationally therefore, the English books, magazines or language tapes are popular to be the gifts for any business. Shoes and socks are unsuitable for the gifts because cultures they believe that the foot is the lowest of their body according to Buddhist cultures. Cambodia has a long history of culture and civilization which mainly influenced by Indian country. Notice from the Cambodians life involve with the religions of Buddhism and also Hinduism. Cambodia population around 95 percent is Theravada Buddhist according to relies on reasonableness, personal experience, and critical analysis. This is the main Buddhist in Southeast Asia including Cambodia which affected Cambodians culture and etiquette in nowadays and the other are Islam, atheism, or animism respectively. For example; the conceptual ideas about karma, collectivism, and saving face plays and important roles in the daily life of Cambodians. For karma, this idea involves with the rationality and law of action. If you do something, something will be happened follow things that you did. For collectivism, Cambodians prefer give priority to family, group, and society rather than the individual. This idea also concerns about saving face which tries to avoid losing someones face in any transactions. Losing face can be occurred when someone is criticized or is given compliments in the public. Therefore, if you want to do business with Cambodia, you should be aware of this action to assure that you are not misunderstanding this concept. The followings are the tips for saving Face; Normally the monks in Cambodia always highly respect in the society because they are faithful and admirable. They have similar ways to Thailand for example; they dressed in the color robes, women must avoid touching or handing to the monks even though she is a monks mother. To have a conversation with the monks, you should press the hands together at the chest  level for showing respect to the monks. For the daily routine of monks, they are allowed to eat only to times per days which are in the morning and lunch. Normally, when the Cambodians greet, they usually bow their head to show respect with press the hands together at chest level which is quite similar to Thailand. This gesture is known as Som Pas. However, when they greet with the foreigners, they usually adapt the greeting of western style by shaking hands. Typically, it is improper for the men to shake hands with Khmer women and to hug, kiss, or touch the body of a Khmer woman are not allowed and unsuitable in this society. To address the name of Cambodians, they use Lok instead of Mr. for the man and Lok Srey instead of Ms. or Mrs. for the woman before the first name and surname. Proper dress is an important for Cambodians for both men and women. It can show their position in the society for example, shorts are considered as the proper dress only for school children and it is not proper for both men and women if they want to go inside the official places or temples. Doing business in Cambodia also consider about the proper dress. Generally, to do business or working in Cambodia men wear collared shirts and long pants. For women, they wear dress or blouse instead short skirts and should not show their shoulders. It is a typically in Cambodian society to bring the gift for the host if you are invited to have lunch or dinner at someones home. Normally they give flowers, fruit, cookies, etc. Knives or sharp things are not popular to be the gifts. Moreover, gifts are preferred to wrap with colorful paper rather than the white because it means the sadness or mourning. Moreover, when you want to give the gifts, you should use both hands for showing care and gifts are not opened when you received. Cambodians emphasis on the formal dress when they are doing business for both domestic and international transactions, contact with the government sectors or enter to the official places. Moreover, having proper and formal dress show the respect to the people who are doing business with or the places that you will go there. Normally, both men and women wear a lightweight tropical suit in formal situations. Shorts and skirts are not suitable in the public. For less formal occasions, it is enough to wear casual shirts and blouses with collars. Cambodians culture in communication is very indirect and non-verbal behavior therefore, the person who want to do business in Cambodia should understand about this culture and be aware of it for example; they prefer silent when they disagree instead of complain in front of others, smiling in Cambodia has many meanings not only in the positive ways but also in the negative ways, etc. Time is also important in doing business here. If you arrive late, it means you ignore and do not respect to the person who you are doing business with. Business Cards Presenting the card in doing business is general in Cambodia and it should be exchanged at the beginning of introduction. For the business card, it is better if one side is translated into Khmer. When you present your card or receive the card, remember to use the right hand or both hands. Meeting and Greeting The followings are some guides for meeting and greeting in Cambodia; For Group meeting you should introduce people in order to rank. Handshakes are general however you should be careful not to be too tight which can be considered as aggressive. It is the tradition that if the man is doing business with the woman, they should keep distance to avoid misinterpret from the others because Cambodians has a strongly traditional in sexuality for example eye contact should be kept to a minimum. Cambodians address them with the title Lok for a man and Lok Srey for a woman with the first name only or both the first and the last name. CULTURAL DIMENSIONS Nowadays the world is separated in different countries and culture and many people still dont know much about their international business partners and how to deal with them in the right way. Therefore business people should need to know how they can cope with the foreign partners. This part is emphasized on the cultural dimensions and communication in South East Asia including Lao and Cambodia. It is an important to know about the fundamental facts of these countries if you want to do successful business in SE Asia. Cultural Dimensions from Hofstede High power distance Societies have significant gaps between the higher power and the weak. There is related distinguished to unfairness between the rich and the poor. High level of uncertainty avoidance The cultures in SE Asia tend to reduce risk and ensure financial securities, many written rules, less risk taking by managers, lower labor turnover and less ambitious employees. Collectivism People are very interested in long lasting relationships and give priority to a group, family or society. They care each other in change for loyalty and tend to show less individual. High feminity (low masculinity index) Care each other and quality of life for both men and women. Managers give their employees more credit if they have high responsibility for their tasks and allow them more freedom.

City Boy versus Country Girl :: Mama Day Gloria Naylor Essays

City Boy versus Country Girl Gloria Naylor’s novel, Mama Day, shows how two loving people can unite in marriage, while being from two separate worlds. The way that Naylor creates the anxiety between these two characters is by the differences in their backgrounds--including their families, traditions and their geographical origins. Cocoa and George are extremely different; however, this is what makes their marriage so strong. Raised by the two most respected women in the town, Cocoa grew up on a small southern island with a loving family, while George grew up in a boys’ home without a family in urban New York. These differences in background bring George and Cocoa together, while helping to instill traditions and values in George. In the end, George has changed his point of view of the island and the way Cocoa acts in her home so dramatically that he sacrifices his life for her. Mama Day illustrates differences that are all around us through one couple’s marriage and the two places they call home. Willow Springs, the island on which Cocoa spent her childhood, lies between Georgia and South Carolina. Set apart from the rest of the world because it belongs to neither state, Willow Springs has many traditions unlike the world around it. Candle Walk, for instance, the tradition that created Willow Springs, goes back to the legend of Sapphira Wade, Cocoa’s great-great-great-grandmother. Saphira Wade had walked to the ocean in hopes of returning to her mainland with only the light of a candle showing the way. Thus, each year since that time, the island celebrates the memory of Saphira Wade during Candle Walk, takes place at night and encourages every neighbor to give homemade gifts to others in the community. Coming from the city, George has personality issues because of his non-existent family background. As a young child, his prostitute mother abandoned him to be raised by the state in the Wallace P. Andrews Shelter for Boys. George explains to Cocoa how the shelter treated him as though there were nothing out of the ordinary about a home without love in it. â€Å"They may not have been loving people, [Mrs. Jackson] and Chip–or when you think about it, even lovable. But they were devoted to their job if not to us individually† (Naylor 23).

Babysitting at It’s Finest

Babysitting at its finest There are many perks to babysitting three kids, a dog in a ridiculously large house. Now don’t get me wrong, I do it because I need the money, I’m a teenager, what do you expect? But like we’ve learnt before, life isn’t always about the money. So listen closely as I fill you in on other reasons as to why I really love babysitting, satirically of course. Now that we’ve established that I babysit to earn money, let me start off by telling you that one of the main reasons I love my job is because even though student wage is $9. 60, I get paid $10 an hour.I mean, I’m not complaining at all, especially since I don’t even do half the work a regular job requires. I put the kids in bed by eight o’clock, I read them a bedtime story, and then I just sit down, watch television and even go on the internet. For the next four or five hours I can really do whatever I want. Don’t get me wrong, I love spending ti me with the kids, but most of the time, children can really get annoying after the first hour or so. Second of all, since the kids are in bed really early, the parents are gone; why not explore and see what interesting things I can find in the house.I mean, haven’t you heard of that one saying, â€Å"what’s yours, is mine? † Well that definitely applies to me in this case, especially since I must keep myself occupied, I don’t want to fall asleep on the job! My favourite destination to visit would definitely have to be the kitchen. First stop, the fridge and cupboards. As I help myself to raiding the fridge, I usually get very excited, considering the food is usually delicious opposed to what I sometimes eat at home. But, who’s complaining? They have a washer and dryer, so while you’re there why use it? I mean it’s tough living in a house with five other individuals, take any occasion you get!Oh, and I cannot forget about the televisio n usage! All the PPV movies that are usually over $6 a piece, each are always the best. Lastly, most times when I babysit I would usually spend the night because their parents would be out way too late, and their parents wouldn’t be home until the morning later that afternoon. The kids would be asleep, and the parents are gone, so that gives me plenty of time to have what every teenager wants to attend, a party! I’m beyond grateful to babysit on weekends, because I get this opportunity. I’d usually bring out some snacks on the table, turn on a PPV movie, hire a DJ and then the night is young.I always make sure to bribe the children into staying in their room, just so they don’t see how many strangers are in. Usually a small â€Å"get together† is an absolute understatement. But, all is good because at the end of the night; the house is clean and the kids are safe. I’m a teenager, I like to take risks, and I will enjoy life to the fullest, ev ery second I get, even if that means I’m babysitting. Not only is it great money, (we had to learn the hard way, that money doesn’t grow on trees) but it’s something I really do enjoy spending my time doing. These are the perks of babysitting, satirically of course.

Case Study: Anxiety

Instructions: Read the following case study about a woman, Allison, who is suffering from anxiety. After you have read the case study, diagnose Allison and present some methods of treatment by answering the questions. Presenting Complaint Allison, a 33-year-old white woman, knew that it was finally time for her to seek psychological services. She had always been an anxious person and, for years, had managed to keep it under control. But, this time she felt as though she was fighting a losing battle and worried that it was going to result in her being fired from her job. Allison worked as a flight attendant for a major airline and loved interacting with the passengers. She was particularly proud of her extensive knowledge of aircraft safety regulations and had confidence in her ability to properly manage a crisis situation should it arise. However, over the past year she had missed a significant amount of work because of her extreme anxiety about flying and staying in hotels in different cities. She had wanted to believe that her worry about her career was justified, but she knew deep down that she worried about everything, not just work. She worried about other things that most people would see as trivial: whether she would be caught in the rain without an umbrella, if she was going to remember to pay her bills on time, or if the bus she was riding would break down and leave her stranded. Allison recalled that she noticed a change in her thinking after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. She repeatedly thought, â€Å"That could have been me in that plane. What would I have done? This is just one more sign that the world has become a very dangerous place. Allison finds that she can’t relax on her days off because she spends the entire time worrying about taking her next flight. â€Å"I worry all the time—about everything. She worries that she will miss the bus to the airport and be late for work. She worried that she will have a panic attack on the airplane and the pilots will have to make an emergency landing. She also worries about the hotel that she is scheduled to stay in and whether or no t they will still have her reservation when she arrives. Furthermore, Allison worries about the danger of being out at night in a strange town. She explains, â€Å"It’s just not safe for a single woman to be out at night. Some cities have a high rate of crime and are extremely dangerous. † Allison finds that she worries about all of these things simultaneously, which leaves her exhausted and overwhelmed. However, when she tries to sleep, she cannot shut her mind off. She lays awake for hours thinking about all of the things that could happen. Therefore, Allison is often sleep deprived which leaves her stressed, tense, and irritable. Allison has experienced a few panic attacks in her life, but has not had a panic attack in more than two years. But she still carries Xanax with her everywhere she goes, just in case she needs it. Ever since she was 7 years old, she has worried about random issues. Allison remembers walking through her house at 7 years old, checking on all of the appliances to make sure that they were all unplugged before everyone fell asleep in fear that a fire would break out and burn the house down. Allison was also worried as a 3rd grader about her mother dying any day from cancer, since her mother was a smoker. When Allison was 16, she had great difficulty with learning how to drive in fear that she would be involved in a car accident. Indeed, Allison was involved in 2 car accidents, none of which were her fault. Regardless, Allison quit driving and has taken public transportation ever since. Allison has had difficulty with seeking treatment because she is afraid to give up her worrying. She believes that some of her anxiety has been helpful because it has kept her safe. And by worrying, Allison believes that is able to help prevent the negative event from occurring. For example, because of Allison’s worrying, her mother quit smoking and is cancer-free today. In fact, Allison is considering removing herself from treatment because she is afraid that the psychologist will tell her that she has a serious problem that is beyond help. If she cannot get help, then what will she do? Social and Family History Allison is the youngest of 6 children, 4 of which are boys. She was raised by both parents and considers herself the â€Å"black sheep† of the family. Allison felt very different from her brothers because of gender and the way that they treated her with a paternalistic manner. Allison felt inadequate around her sister, who seemed to be successful in everything she did. Allison feels like her sister looks down on Allison because of the anxiety. Allison’s father never understood her, either. He was very distant and did not seem to want much to do with the children. He worked long hours and spent much time taking Allison’s mother on long errands since Allison’s mother was afraid to go out alone. Allison tried really hard to do well in school to get her father’s attention, but it never seemed to be quite enough. Allison often had to rely on her older siblings to take care of her since their mother was always â€Å"sick†. Her mother rarely left the house and would spend hours locked in her room. Allison thought that her mother suffered from agoraphobia and remembers conversations with her mother about how dangerous the world is. Because of her mother’s beliefs about the dangerousness of the world, Allison was not allowed to play outside with friends unless a parent was supervising at all times. Therefore, Allison did not make many friends. Instead, she played in the neighbor’s garden since her mother could see Allison from the window. One day, Allison’s neighbor, Jack, was helping Allison in the garden and offered her some cookies and milk. Allison had to go inside with Jack to get the cookies and milk, but she thought that it would not be a problem since mom was right next door. Once inside Jack’s home, he sexually abused Allison. She never told anyone since she believed it was her fault for going inside and not staying in her mother’s line of sight. Allison has been unable to stay in a long-term relationship. Just after Allison moved away from her home town for the first time in her life, her boyfriend broke up with her. He was supposed to move in with Allison, but a week after Allison bought a home and moved her belongings in, he ended the relationship. That was the last time Allison had a severe panic attack. She was hospitalized and has been terrified of living alone ever since. Diagnosis Refer to the DSM-IV-TR checklist for generalized anxiety disorder. Which of Allison’s symptoms meet the diagnostic criteria? Be sure to match specific symptoms with specific criteria. * Based on your review of Allison’s symptoms and the diagnostic criteria, could Allison be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder or would she be better diagnosed with a phobia or obsessive –compulsive disorder*? Does Allison appear to have a comorbid* panic disorder? Refer to the diagnostic criteria for panic disorder with agoraphobia and determine if she warrants this diagnosis, too. *How would the sociocultural* perspective explain Allison’s generalized anxiety disorder? How would the current** psychodynamic perspective explain Allison’s generalized anxiety disorder? How would the cognitive perspective explain Allisonâ€⠄¢s generalized anxiety disorder? What are the second-generation cognitive explanations for generalized anxiety disorder and how do the activities associated with each theory serve to maintain the worry? Describe a biological explanation for why Allison developed generalized anxiety disorder. Treatment Which theoretical perspectives offer treatments for generalized anxiety disorder that have been more than modestly **supported by the research literature? Discuss the cognitive therapy technique of focusing on worry**. What are some of the nondrug biological treatments used to treat generalized anxiety disorder ?